If you want to experience six climate zones and environments in one trip – from semi-desert to forest, from steppe to alpine – but have little time, welcome to Armenia!
Here, on the border of Asia and Europe, high in the mountains above an altitude of 1000 metres, you’ll meet a fascinating cocktail of history, nature, flavours, and emotions.
We offer a few highlights you won’t want to miss during a trip to this earthly paradise.
- See the city from above
- Meet the ancient world
- Enjoy the musical fountains
- Get closer to the stars
- Explore grand sites
- Relax with wine after hiking
- Indulge in the mineral waters
- Spend a day at Lake Sevan
See the city from above
Photo source: Unsplash
One of the best places to begin exploring Yerevan is the Cascade, a monumental limestone stairway that rises from the city centre towards a hilltop viewing platform. At its foot stands a statue of the Armenian architect Alexander Tamanyan, surrounded by cafés and restaurants.
Photo source: Instagram
Before climbing the steps, enjoy a coffee or tea with dessert or ice cream at one of the nearby cafés, such as Brew, Sorriso, or August. Then stroll through the sculpture garden, where contemporary artworks from the collection of Gerard Cafesjian add an artistic touch to the surroundings.
Photo source: Instagram
Inside the Cascade, the Cafesjian Centre for the Arts offers galleries and exhibition spaces connected by escalators. Continue towards the upper terraces for panoramic views across Yerevan and the Ararat Valley. On clear days, Mount Ararat provides an unforgettable backdrop.
Meet the ancient world
Yerevan is one of the world’s oldest continuously inhabited cities, with its origins traditionally traced to the founding of Erebuni in 782 BCE. Although its ancient beginnings are not immediately apparent in the modern streets, Erebuni Fortress offers a fascinating glimpse into this distant past.
Archaeological discoveries show that the fortress was founded by King Argishti I of Urartu in 782 BCE.
Photo source: Facebook
Excavations have uncovered gold and silver objects, pottery, and important cuneiform inscriptions that help researchers understand the Urartian kingdom. The Erebuni Historical and Archaeological Museum-Reserve, near the fortress ruins, introduces visitors to this remarkable chapter of Armenian history.
Enjoy the musical fountains
Summer in Yerevan can be hot, making the city’s fountains and drinking-water taps especially welcome. As the temperature falls in the evening, residents and visitors return to the streets, squares, and outdoor cafés.
Photo source: Tripadvisor
For a pleasant evening walk, follow Abovyan Street towards Republic Square, the city’s grand central gathering place. Enjoy a freshly squeezed juice or smoothie and admire the illuminated fountains.
Photo source: Yerevan Card
When the seasonal musical fountain performances are running, water jets and colourful lights move in time with music. Check the current programme locally before your visit, as performances depend on the season and operating schedule.
Get closer to the stars
Photo source: Instagram
Amberd Fortress stands at approximately 2,300 metres above sea level on the slopes of Mount Aragats, Armenia’s highest mountain. This dramatic setting combines mountain scenery with centuries of history.
Parts of the fortress complex are associated with the medieval Kamsarakan and Pahlavuni noble families. Although much of Amberd is now in ruins, its surviving stone walls and towers provide a glimpse of its former importance.
Continue towards Lake Kari, whose name means ‘stone lake’. The high-altitude landscape is particularly striking on clear days, while the dark night skies can be ideal for stargazing. Check road access and weather conditions in advance, especially outside summer.
Photo source: Instagram
Another fascinating stop is the Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory, an important centre of astronomical research. Depending on the visitor programme, you may have an opportunity to learn about stars and galaxies and observe celestial objects through a telescope.
Explore grand sites
The Temple of Garni is one of Armenia’s best-known historical monuments, located around 40 minutes by car from central Yerevan, depending on traffic.
On the way, stop at Charents’ Arch for beautiful views towards Mount Ararat when the sky is clear. The surrounding countryside also offers opportunities for walking and cycling.
Photo source: Instagram
The Temple of Garni is a striking classical-style monument traditionally associated with the worship of the sun god Mihr. The archaeological site also includes remains of a royal complex and Roman-style baths.
Photo source: Instagram
One of the most interesting surviving details is the colourful mosaic floor of the ancient baths. Near the entrance to the site, local vendors often sell homemade sweets, dried fruit, and herbal teas.
Photo source: Unsplash
Not far from Garni lies the Symphony of Stones, a remarkable natural formation in the Azat River Gorge. Its towering columns of basalt have distinctive geometric shapes, making the rock face look almost as though it had been designed by an architect.
Relax with wine after hiking
Noravank Monastery is one of Armenia’s most picturesque historical sites. Located in the Vayots Dzor region, south of the village of Areni, the 13th-century complex is surrounded by dramatic reddish cliffs.
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If you enjoy spending time outdoors, explore the trails around Gnishik Canyon. The approximately 2.8-kilometre Noravank Trail connects the remains of the old settlement of Amaghu with the monastery complex.
The canyon is known for its striking rock formations, mountain landscapes, and distinctive vegetation. Prepare for changing conditions, carry water, and check trail accessibility before setting out. For more hiking inspiration, discover scenic hiking routes in Bavaria on the airBaltic Blog.
Photo source: Instagram
After an active day, explore the winemaking traditions of Vayots Dzor. Wineries such as Trinity Canyon Vineyards and Old Bridge Winery are associated with the region’s wine culture, while local restaurants offer opportunities to enjoy Armenian food.
The area is particularly well known for wines made from the indigenous Areni grape, although other varieties are also cultivated.
Photo source: Instagram
Indulge in the mineral waters
The mountain town of Jermuk is known for its mineral springs, peaceful surroundings, and spa traditions. Some of its thermal waters reach temperatures of approximately 64°C.
Start at the Mineral Water Gallery, where visitors can sample mineral water from taps offering different temperatures.
Photo source: Instagram
The symbol of Jermuk is a deer. According to local legend, a wounded deer escaped from a hunter and entered the mineral waters, emerging miraculously healed. The story became part of the town’s identity and its association with the springs.
Today, visitors come to Jermuk to unwind in the mountain surroundings. For a relaxing break, consider a stay at a local spa hotel, such as Jermuk Hotel & Spa, and explore the town’s walking paths and natural scenery.
Photo source: Instagram
The quiet atmosphere makes Jermuk an appealing place to slow down. Before leaving, look out for herbal tea blends and preserves made by local producers. If you enjoy this kind of restorative getaway, explore more spa experiences in Prague.
Spend a day at Lake Sevan
Although Armenia is a landlocked country, it is home to one of the largest high-altitude freshwater lakes in the region.
Lake Sevan, often called the ‘blue pearl’ of Armenia, lies at an elevation of approximately 1,900 metres. Mountain scenery, historic monuments, and lakeside villages make it a popular place to explore beyond Yerevan.
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In warmer weather, visitors can enjoy swimming, sunbathing, boat trips, and other water activities, depending on local operators and weather conditions. The water remains relatively cool because of the lake’s altitude.
Photo source: Instagram
History enthusiasts should visit Sevanavank Monastery, whose main churches date from the ninth century. The complex stands on the Sevan Peninsula and offers sweeping views over the lake and surrounding mountains.
Look out for the carved Armenian cross-stones, known as khachkars, and take time to appreciate the monastery’s peaceful setting.
As the weather can change quickly at high altitude, bring sunscreen, a warm jacket, and a hat, even on a sunny day.
Photo source: Tripadvisor
Before leaving the lakeside, stop at a local fish restaurant to sample trout or whitefish prepared in traditional Armenian style. If available, try the crayfish kebab, another speciality associated with the area.
Explore more destinations with airBaltic
Armenia remains a fascinating destination for independent travel, although airBaltic no longer operates flights to Yerevan. If you love mountain scenery, ancient history, and the flavours of the Caucasus, you might also enjoy discovering Georgia. Explore flights to Tbilisi for a different journey, or browse the full selection of airBaltic destinations for your next adventure.
Cover photo source: Unsplash
Text by Anahit Minasyan